Fixed prosthetics
Tooth loss, whether due to decay, trauma, or periodontal disease, affects more than just appearance. It can compromise chewing ability, speech, facial structure, and oral health. One of the most reliable and aesthetically pleasing solutions is the use of fixed dental prostheses.
In this article, we will explore what fixed prostheses are, their types, treatment steps, benefits, limitations, and how they compare to removable options.
What Is a Fixed Dental Prosthesis?
A fixed dental prosthesis refers to any non-removable dental restoration that replaces one or more missing teeth. It is securely attached to adjacent teeth or dental implants and cannot be taken out by the patient. These restorations are designed to function and look like natural teeth and offer a permanent or semi-permanent solution.
Types of Fixed Dental Prostheses
1. Dental Bridge
A bridge consists of one or more artificial teeth (pontics) anchored to adjacent natural teeth or implants.
Traditional Bridge: Supported by crowns on both sides of the missing tooth.
Cantilever Bridge: Supported on only one side.
Maryland Bridge: Uses metal or porcelain wings bonded to the backs of adjacent teeth.
2. Dental Crown
A crown is a cap placed over a damaged tooth to restore its shape, strength, and appearance. It is also used after root canal treatment or to cover a dental implant.
3. Implant-Supported Fixed Prosthesis
This option involves placing dental implants in the jawbone, which then support a bridge or full-arch prosthesis. It is one of the most stable and durable solutions available.
Who Is a Candidate for Fixed Prostheses?
Patients missing one or more teeth
Individuals dissatisfied with removable dentures
People with adequate jawbone density or those eligible for bone grafting
Patients seeking long-term, natural-looking solutions
When Are Fixed Prostheses Not Recommended?
Severe bone loss without the option for grafting
Active gum infections or untreated periodontal disease
Poor general health (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes or immune disorders)
Inability to maintain proper oral hygiene
Steps Involved in Getting a Fixed Prosthesis
Initial Consultation and Diagnosis
The dentist examines oral health, takes x-rays or 3D scans, and discusses treatment goals.
Treatment Planning
Based on tooth condition, bone support, and patient preferences, a custom treatment plan is developed.
Tooth Preparation (if needed)
Adjacent teeth may be reshaped to receive crowns (for bridges).
Impression and Fabrication
A dental impression is taken to create the prosthesis in the dental lab, matched to the patient’s natural tooth color and alignment.
Prosthesis Placement
After fitting and adjustments, the prosthesis is permanently cemented or attached with implant components.
Advantages of Fixed Dental Prostheses
Natural Appearance: Matches the color, shape, and size of surrounding teeth
High Stability: Doesn’t shift while eating or speaking
No Daily Removal: Unlike removable dentures, it remains in place
Long Lifespan: With proper care, fixed prostheses can last for decades
Improved Functionality: Restores proper bite, chewing, and speech
Boosted Self-Esteem: Helps restore confidence in social interactions
Disadvantages of Fixed Prostheses
May require reshaping of healthy adjacent teeth (in bridges)
Generally more expensive than removable options
Requires good oral hygiene and regular dental checkups
Potential risk of gum inflammation if not cleaned properly
Fixed vs. Removable Dental Prostheses
| Feature | Fixed Prosthesis | Removable Prosthesis |
|---|---|---|
| Removability | Non-removable by patient | Can be removed daily |
| Stability | Very high | May move while chewing or speaking |
| Chewing Efficiency | Excellent | Lower than fixed |
| Longevity | 10–20+ years | 5–10 years |
| Cost | Higher initial investment | Lower cost |
| Maintenance | Requires diligent hygiene | Easier to clean outside the mouth |
Caring for a Fixed Dental Prosthesis
Brush at least twice daily using fluoride toothpaste
Use interdental brushes or floss threaders for cleaning under bridges
Consider a water flosser for hard-to-reach areas
Visit the dentist every 6 months for routine checkups
Avoid very hard or sticky foods that may damage the prosthesis
Refrain from smoking to extend prosthesis longevity
Cost of Fixed Dental Prostheses
The cost depends on several factors, including the type of prosthesis, number of teeth involved, material used, and geographical location. Estimated ranges:
| Type | Approximate Cost (Per Unit) |
|---|---|
| Traditional Dental Bridge | $1,000 – $2,500 |
| Implant-Supported Bridge | $3,000 – $6,000+ |
| Dental Crown (single tooth) | $800 – $1,500 |
Insurance may cover part of the treatment, especially if it’s medically necessary.
How Long Do Fixed Prostheses Last?
With proper care and maintenance, fixed prostheses can last 10 to 20 years or more. Factors influencing longevity include:
Material quality (porcelain, zirconia, metal-ceramic, etc.)
Patient’s oral hygiene habits
Presence of grinding or clenching habits
Regular professional maintenance
Conclusion
Fixed dental prostheses offer a reliable, long-lasting, and aesthetically pleasing solution for individuals with missing or damaged teeth. Whether it’s a single crown, a multi-unit bridge, or a full arch on implants, these restorations can restore function and confidence for years to come.
Consulting with a qualified dental professional is the first step toward restoring your smile and improving your quality of life through a customized prosthetic treatment plan.